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Urgent
DENGUE FEVER
Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related virus (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4). The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of Aedes aegypti that is infected with a dengue virus. The virus circulates in the blood leading to fever. Infection with one strain does not provide cross protection against another strain.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?
High fever (400C/1040F) with the following:
- Headaches
- Chills
- Pain behind eyes
- Nausea, vomiting
- Joint, bone or muscle pains
- Rash
The fever tends to decline within 3-7 days after symptoms begin. As the fever decreases, warning signs of a severe infection may appear.
WARNING SIGNS
Watch for warning signs to 3-7 days after symptoms began even if temperature declines. Rush to hospital if ANY of the following symptom appear:
- Fatigue/restlessness
- Pale, cold, or clammy extremities, especially in the 4th – 5th day of disease
- Rapid breathing
- Persistent vomiting
- Bleeding from nose or gums
- Vomiting blood/ blood in urine or black stools
- Abdominal pain
A severe infection can lead to shock and organ failure.
HOW DENGUE FEVER IS DIAGNOSED?
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Blood tests may be done to look for diagnosis and complications.
HOW DENGUE FEVER IS TREATED?
You may be referred to a specialist.
There are no medications currently available that can provide a cure. Early diagnosis and immediate medical care are needed.
Supportive care may include:
- Take rest
- Drink plenty of fluids – ORS, fruit juices… This will help to replace fluids, sugars and salts lost during the illness.
- Take Paracetamol – to reduce fever and joint pain.
- Aspirin or Ibuprofen should not be taken.
Children with warning signs should be monitored at hospital.
HOW TO PREVENT DENGUE FEVER?
IMMUNIZATION
Dengvaxia® (CYD-TDV) developed by Sanofi Pasteur was licensed in December 2015 and has now been approved by regulatory authorities in 20 countries for use in endemic areas in persons ranging from 9-45 years of age.
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