MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA

25/12/2020

Myocardial ischemia, also called cardiac ischemia, reduces the heart muscle's ability to pump blood. Myocardial ischemia occurs when blood flow to your heart is reduced, preventing the heart muscle from receiving enough oxygen. The reduced blood flow is usually the result of a partial or complete blockage of your heart's arteries (coronary arteries). A sudden, severe blockage of one of the heart's artery can lead to a heart attack.

Some people who have myocardial ischemia don't have any signs or symptoms (silent ischemia).

When they do occur, the most common is chest pressure or pain, typically on the left side of the body (angina pectoris).

Other signs and symptoms — which might be experienced more commonly by women, older people and people with diabetes — include:

Neck or jaw pain on the left side
Shoulder or arm pain on the left side
A fast heartbeat
Shortness of breath when you are physically active
Nausea and vomiting
Sweating
Fatigue

Get emergency help if you have severe chest pain or chest pain that doesn't go away.

Causes

Conditions that can cause myocardial ischemia include:

Coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis). Plaques made up mostly of cholesterol build up on your artery walls and restrict blood flow. Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of myocardial ischemia.
Blood clot. The plaques that develop in atherosclerosis can rupture, causing a blood clot. The clot might block an artery and lead to sudden, severe myocardial ischemia, resulting in a heart attack.
Coronary artery spasm. This temporary tightening of the muscles in the artery wall can briefly decrease or even prevent blood flow to part of the heart muscle.

Factors that can increase your risk of developing myocardial ischemia include:

Smoking
Diabetes.
High blood pressure.
High blood cholesterol level.
High blood triglyceride level.
Obesity, lack of activity

The same lifestyle habits include : daily exercise, reduced weight, stop smoking that can help treat myocardial ischemia can also help prevent it from developing in the first place.

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